The Mexican wolf is a subspecies of the gray wolf. It is native to North America, where it is the rarest and most genetically distinct subspecies.The Mexican wolf was described by both naturalists Hernandez and Fernandez and is named for Vernon Bailey an American naturalist and specialist in mamma logy who participated in the Biological Survey of Texas during the late 19th century.Until recent times the Mexican wolf ranged the Sonora and Chihuahua Deserts from central Mexico to western Texas southern New Mexico, and central Arizona . By the turn of the 20th century, reduction of natural prey like deer and elk caused many wolves to begin attacking domestic livestock, which led to intensive efforts by government agencies and individuals to eradicate the Mexican wolf. Hunters also hunted down the wolf because it killed deer. Trappers and private trappers have also helped in the eradication of the Mexican wolf. These efforts were very successful, and by the 1950 the Mexican wolf had been eliminated from the wild. In 1976, the Mexican wolf was declared an endangered subspecies and has remained so ever since. Today an estimated 340 Mexican wolves survive in 49 facilities in the United States and Mexico.
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